netstat -nalp | grep 1883 | wc -l #查看1883端口的客户端连接数
ulimit -n 5120000 #修改当前进程的最大文件数
主动连接端发送一个带ACK标志的包给被动连接端,握手动作完成。
CLOSED:初始(无连接)状态。
LISTEN:侦听状态,等待远程机器的连接请求。
SYN_SEND:在TCP三次握手期间,主动连接端发送了SYN包后,进入SYN_SEND状态,等待对方的ACK包。
SYN_RECV:在TCP三次握手期间,主动连接端收到SYN包后,进入SYN_RECV状态。
ESTABLISHED:完成TCP三次握手后,主动连接端进入ESTABLISHED状态。此时,TCP连接已经建立,可以进行通信。
FIN_WAIT_1:在TCP四次挥手时,主动关闭端发送FIN包后,进入FIN_WAIT_1状态。
FIN_WAIT_2:在TCP四次挥手时,主动关闭端收到ACK包后,进入FIN_WAIT_2状态。
TIME_WAIT:在TCP四次挥手时,主动关闭端发送了ACK包之后,进入TIME_WAIT状态,等待最多MSL时间,让被动关闭端收到ACK包。
CLOSING:在TCP四次挥手期间,主动关闭端发送了FIN包后,没有收到对应的ACK包,却收到对方的FIN包,此时,进入CLOSING状态。
CLOSE_WAIT:在TCP四次挥手期间,被动关闭端收到FIN包后,进入CLOSE_WAIT状态。
LAST_ACK:在TCP四次挥手时,被动关闭端发送FIN包后,进入LAST_ACK状态,等待对方的ACK包。
CLOSED SYN_SEND ESTABLISHED。
FIN_WAIT_1 FIN_WAIT_2 TIME_WAIT。
LISTEN SYN_RECV ESTABLISHED。
CLOSE_WAIT LAST_ACK CLOSED。
Linux netstat命令详解
简介
Netstat 命令用于显示各种网络相关信息,如网络连接,路由表,接口状态 (Interface Statistics),masquerade 连接,多播成员 (Multicast Memberships) 等等。
输出信息含义
执行netstat后,其输出结果为
Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 2 210.34.6.89:telnet 210.34.6.96:2873 ESTABLISHED tcp 296 0 210.34.6.89:1165 210.34.6.84:netbios-ssn ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 localhost.localdom:9001 localhost.localdom:1162 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 localhost.localdom:1162 localhost.localdom:9001 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 80 210.34.6.89:1161 210.34.6.10:netbios-ssn CLOSE Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 1 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16178 @000000dd unix 1 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16176 @000000dc unix 9 [ ] DGRAM 5292 /dev/log unix 1 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16182 @000000df
Proto显示连接使用的协议,RefCnt表示连接到本套接口上的进程号,Types显示套接口的类型,State显示套接口当前的状态,Path表示连接到套接口的其它进程使用的路径名。
-t (tcp)仅显示tcp相关选项
-u (udp)仅显示udp相关选项
-n 拒绝显示别名,能显示数字的全部转化成数字。
-l 仅列出有在 Listen (监听) 的服務状态
-r 显示路由信息,路由表
-e 显示扩展信息,例如uid等
-s 按各个协议进行统计
-c 每隔一个固定时间,执行该netstat命令。
# netstat -a | more Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:* Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6135 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 5140 /var/run/acpid.socket
# netstat -at Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
# netstat -au Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 *:bootpc *:* udp 0 0 *:49119 *:* udp 0 0 *:mdns *:*
# netstat -l Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 localhost:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN udp 0 0 *:49119 *:*
# netstat -lt Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 localhost:30037 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 localhost:ipp [::]:* LISTEN
# netstat -lu Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 *:49119 *:* udp 0 0 *:mdns *:*
# netstat -lx Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6294 private/maildrop unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6203 public/cleanup unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6302 private/ifmail unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 6306 private/bsmtp
显示所有端口的统计信息 netstat -s
# netstat -s Ip: 11150 total packets received 1 with invalid addresses 0 forwarded 0 incoming packets discarded 11149 incoming packets delivered 11635 requests sent out Icmp: 0 ICMP messages received 0 input ICMP message failed. Tcp: 582 active connections openings 2 failed connection attempts 25 connection resets received Udp: 1183 packets received 4 packets to unknown port received. .....
# netstat -st # netstat -su
# netstat -pt Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 1 0 ramesh-laptop.loc:47212 192.168.185.75:www CLOSE_WAIT 2109/firefox tcp 0 0 ramesh-laptop.loc:52750 lax:www ESTABLISHED 2109/firefox
当你不想让主机,端口和用户名显示,使用 netstat -n。将会使用数字代替那些名称。
同样可以加速输出,因为不用进行比对查询。
# netstat -an
# netsat -a --numeric-ports # netsat -a --numeric-hosts # netsat -a --numeric-users
# netstat -c Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 ramesh-laptop.loc:36130 101-101-181-225.ama:www ESTABLISHED tcp 1 1 ramesh-laptop.loc:52564 101.11.169.230:www CLOSING tcp 0 0 ramesh-laptop.loc:43758 server-101-101-43-2:www ESTABLISHED tcp 1 1 ramesh-laptop.loc:42367 101.101.34.101:www CLOSING
# netstat --verbose
netstat: no support for `AF IPX' on this system. netstat: no support for `AF AX25' on this system. netstat: no support for `AF X25' on this system. netstat: no support for `AF NETROM' on this system.
# netstat -r Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 192.168.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth2 link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth2 default 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth2
并不是所有的进程都能找到,没有权限的会不显示,使用 root 权限查看所有的信息。
# netstat -ap | grep ssh tcp 1 0 dev-db:ssh 101.174.100.22:39213 CLOSE_WAIT - tcp 1 0 dev-db:ssh 101.174.100.22:57643 CLOSE_WAIT -
# netstat -an | grep ':80'
# netstat -i Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth0 1500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 BMU eth2 1500 0 26196 0 0 0 26883 6 0 0 BMRU lo 16436 0 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 LRU
# netstat -ie Kernel Interface table eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:10:40:11:11:11 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Memory:f6ae0000-f6b00000
查看连接某服务端口最多的的IP地址
# netstat -nat | grep "192.168.1.15:22" |awk '{print $5}'|awk -F: '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -20 18 221.136.168.36 3 154.74.45.242 2 78.173.31.236 2 62.183.207.98 2 192.168.1.14 2 182.48.111.215 2 124.193.219.34 2 119.145.41.2 2 114.255.41.30 1 75.102.11.99
# netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}' established) Foreign LISTEN TIME_WAIT ESTABLISHED TIME_WAIT SYN_SENT
# netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}'|sort|uniq -c 143 ESTABLISHED 1 FIN_WAIT1 1 Foreign 1 LAST_ACK 36 LISTEN 6 SYN_SENT 113 TIME_WAIT 1 established)
# netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn
# awk '{print $1}' access.log |sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -10
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